Journal Articles (Online)

First footnote:

Through a Subscription Database

¹John T. Kirby, “Aristotle on Metaphor,” American Journal of Philology 118, no. 4 (Winter 1997): 524, http://muse.jhu.edu/journals/american_journal_of_philology/v118/118.4.kirby.html (accessed June 25, 2009).

Use of ibid.

¹ Michael Twyman, Lithography 1800-1850 (London: Oxford University Press, 1970), 145-146.

² Ibid.

Ibid., short for ibidem, means “in the same place.”  Use ibid. if you cite the same page of the same work in succession without a different reference intervening.  If you need to cite a different page of the same work, include the page number.  For example:  ²Ibid., 50.

Quoting a source within a source

If you’re citing a piece of information or quote that one book has gotten from another, you repeat the full citation for the original source, then add “cited in,” and footnote the source from which you are actually working:

¹ Sigmund Freud, Totem and Taboo (New York: Random House, 1918) 17, quoted in Warren Williams, A Student’s Guide to Psychology (Boston: Houghton Mifflin, 1990) 89.

Citing information from a footnote

If you are citing a piece of information contained in a long discursive footnote such as you find in many academic books, just use a standard footnote format in your paper, mention the page number on which the information appears, and after the page number, write the number of the footnote from the book you are citing, e.g., “489, note 37.”

² Warren Williams, A Student’s Guide to Psychology (Boston: Houghton Mifflin, 1990) 489, note 37.

Citing from a Movie 

Format: Film Title. Medium. Directed by Director. (Distributor City: Distributor, Year of Release).

Example: High Fidelity, DVD, Directed by Stephen Frears. (2000; Los Angeles, CA: Walt Disney Video, 2001).

Citing from a webpage

Footnote

^1. Firstname Lastname, “Title of Web Page,” Publishing Organization or Name of Website in Italics, publication date and/or access date if available, URL.

Corresponding Bibliographical Entry (B):

Lastname, Firstname. “Title of Web Page.” Publishing Organization or Name of Website in Italics.     Publication date and/or access date if available. URL.

BIBLIOGRAPHY

PRIMARY

Lastname, Firstname. “Title of Web Page.” Publishing Organization or Name of Website in Italics.        Publication date and/or access date if available. URL.

New London Gazette of August 26,1839. Famous American Trials, Amistad Trials, 1839-1840.

           http://law2.umkc.edu/faculty/projects/ftrials/amistad/AMISTD.HTM (April 21, 2014).

SECONDARY

Rules for Bibliography

• Center heading
• Separate sections into PRIMARY and SECONDARY
• Alphabetize within each section
• Use hanging indent
• Separate elementswith periods instead of commas
• Use last name first, then first name
• Do not use specific page numbers of the citation, but the entire range of the article
• No numbers ahead of each entry
• Single space entries, double space between each entry